@article {2016,
	title = {Outline of a sensory-motor perspective on intrinsically moral agents},
	journal = {Adaptive Behavior},
	volume = {24},
	year = {2016},
	note = {<a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1059712316667203">Download</a>},
	pages = {306{\textendash}319 },
	publisher = {SAGE},
	abstract = {We propose that moral behaviour of artificial agents could (and should) be intrinsically grounded in their own sensory-motor experiences. Such an ability depends critically on seven types of competencies. First, intrinsic morality should be grounded in the internal values of the robot arising from its physiology and embodiment. Second, the moral principles of robots should develop through their interactions with the environment and with other agents. Third, we claim that the dynamics of moral (or social) emotions closely follows that of other non-social emotions used in valuation and decision making. Fourth, we explain how moral emotions can be learned from the observation of others. Fifth, we argue that to assess social interaction, a robot should be able to learn about and understand responsibility and causation. Sixth, we explain how mechanisms that can learn the consequences of actions are necessary for a robot to make moral decisions. Seventh, we describe how the moral evaluation mechanisms outlined can be extended to situations where a robot should understand the goals of others. Finally, we argue that these competencies lay the foundation for robots that can feel guilt, shame and pride, that have compassion and that know how to assign responsibility and blame.},
	doi = {10.1177/1059712316667203},
	url = {https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1059712316667203},
	author = {Christian Balkenius and Lola Ca{\~n}amero and Philip P{\"a}rnamets and Birger Johansson and Martin V Butz and Andreas Olsson}
}
@inproceedings {2009,
	title = {Learning Affective Landmarks},
	booktitle = {Proc. 9th International Conference on Epigenetic Robotics: Modeling Cognitive Development in Robotic Systems (EpiRob 2009)},
	series = {Lund University Cognitive Studies},
	volume = {146},
	year = {2009},
	month = {11/2009},
	pages = {211{\textendash}212},
	publisher = {Lund University},
	organization = {Lund University},
	address = {Venice, Italy},
	abstract = {This poster presents early work on the effects of arousal and its regulation on learning about the environment, particularly affective memories associated with places that can be used to safely guide exploration.},
	isbn = {978-91-977-380-7-1},
	issn = {1101-8453},
	url = {http://www.lucs.lu.se/LUCS/146/epirob09.pdf},
	author = {Antoine Hiolle and Lola Ca{\~n}amero},
	editor = {Lola Ca{\~n}amero and Pierre-Yves Oudeyer and Christian Balkenius}
}
@proceedings {2009,
	title = {Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Epigenetic Robotics: Modeling Cognitive Development in Robotic Systems},
	volume = {146},
	year = {2009},
	publisher = {Lund University},
	address = {Venice, Italy},
	isbn = {978-91-977-380-7-1},
	issn = {1101-8453},
	url = {https://www.lucs.lu.se/LUCS/146/},
	editor = {Lola Ca{\~n}amero and Pierre-Yves Oudeyer and Christian Balkenius}
}
@inproceedings {2009,
	title = {Should I worry about my stressed pregnant robot?},
	booktitle = {Proc. 9th International Conference on Epigenetic Robotics: Modeling Cognitive Development in Robotic Systems (EpiRob 2009)},
	series = {Lund University Cognitive Studies},
	volume = {146},
	year = {2009},
	month = {11/2009},
	pages = {203{\textendash}204},
	publisher = {Lund University},
	organization = {Lund University},
	address = {Venice, Italy},
	isbn = {978-91-977-380-7-1},
	issn = {1101-8453},
	url = {http://www.lucs.lu.se/LUCS/146/epirob09.pdf},
	author = {David Bowes and Lola Ca{\~n}amero and Roderick G Adams and Volker Steuber and Davey, Neil},
	editor = {Lola Ca{\~n}amero and Pierre-Yves Oudeyer and Christian Balkenius}
}
@inproceedings {2008,
	title = {Conscientious Caretaking for Autonomous Robots: An Arousal-Based Model of Exploratory Behavior},
	booktitle = {Proc. 8th International Conference on Epigenetic Robotics: Modeling Cognitive Development in Robotic Systems (EpiRob 2008)},
	series = {Lund University Cognitive Studies},
	volume = {139},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {45{\textendash}52},
	publisher = {Lund University},
	organization = {Lund University},
	address = {Brighton, UK},
	abstract = {The question of how autonomous robots could be part of our everyday life is gaining increasing interest. We present here an experiment in which an autonomous robot explores its environment and tries to familiarize itself with its novel elements using a neural-network-based architecture. When confronted with novelty, the lack of stability of its learning structures increases the arousal level of the robot, pushing it to look for comfort from its caretaker in order to reduce this arousal. In this paper, we studied how the behavior of the caretaker{\textemdash}and in particular the amount of comfort it provides to the robot during its exploration of the environment{\textemdash}influences the course of the robot{\textquoteright}s exploration and learning experience. This work takes inspiration from early mother-infant interactions and the impact that the primary caretaker has on the development of children{\textemdash}at least in mainstream Western culture. The underlying hypothesis is that the behavior of a caregiver, and particularly his/her role in modulating arousal, will influence the development of an autonomous robot, and that arousal regulation will also depend on how accurately the robot signals its internal state and how the caretaker (or human user) responds to these signals.},
	isbn = {978-91-977-380-1-9},
	issn = {1101-8453},
	url = {http://www.lucs.lu.se/LUCS/139/hiolle.pdf},
	author = {Antoine Hiolle and Lola Ca{\~n}amero},
	editor = {Matthew Schlesinger and Luc Berthouze and Christian Balkenius}
}
@inproceedings {2007,
	title = {Developing Sensorimotor Associations Through Attachment Bonds},
	booktitle = {Proc. 7th International Conference on Epigenetic Robotics (EpiRob 2007)},
	series = {Lund University Cognitive Studies},
	volume = {134},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {45{\textendash}52},
	publisher = {Lund University},
	organization = {Lund University},
	address = {Piscataway, NJ, USA},
	abstract = {Attachment bonds and positive affect help cognitive development and social interactions in infants and animals. In this paper we present a neural architecture to enable a robot to develop an attachment bond with a person or an object, and to discover the correct sensorimotor associations to maintain a desired affective state of well-being using a minimum amount of prior knowledge about the possible interactions with this object. We also discuss how our research on attachment bonds could further developmental robotics in the near future.},
	isbn = {91-974741-8-5},
	issn = {1101-8453},
	url = {https://www.lucs.lu.se/LUCS/135/Hiolle.pdf},
	author = {Antoine Hiolle and Lola Ca{\~n}amero},
	editor = {Luc Berthouze and C G Prince and M Littman and Hideki Kozima and Christian Balkenius}
}
@inproceedings {2005,
	title = {From Imprinting to Adaptation: Building a History of Affective Interaction},
	booktitle = {Fifth International Workshop on Epigenetic Robotics: Modeling Cognitive Development in Robotic Systems (EpiRob2005)},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {23{\textendash}30},
	publisher = {Lund University Cognitive Studies},
	organization = {Lund University Cognitive Studies},
	abstract = {We present a Perception-Action architecture and experiments to simulate imprinting{\textemdash}the establishment of strong attachment links with a "caregiver"{\textemdash}in a robot. Following recent theories, we do not consider imprinting as rigidly timed and irreversible, but as a more flexible phenomenon that allows for further adaptation as a result of reward-based learning through experience. Our architecture reconciles these two types of perceptual learning traditionally considered as different and even incompatible. After the initial imprinting, adaptation is achieved in the context of a history of "affective" interactions between the robot and a human, driven by "distress" and "comfort" responses in the robot.},
	isbn = {91-974741-4-2},
	author = {Arnaud J Blanchard and Lola Ca{\~n}amero},
	editor = {Luc Berthouze and Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric Kaplan and Hideki Kozima and Hiroyuki Yano and J{\"u}rgen Konczak and Giorgio Metta and Jacqueline Nadel and Giulio Sandini and Georgi Stojanov and Christian Balkenius}
}
